Asian Journal of Research in Botany

Antimicrobial Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds of Tribulus terrestris L.

Shivangi Saxena

Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan-304022, India.

Dipjyoti Chakraborty *

Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan-304022, India.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

---

Abstract

Aims: To examine the potential phytoconstituents present in leaves and fruits ofTribulus terrestris and its antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae.

Study Design: Plant extracts preparation, determination of total phenolic content, total antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity. GC-MS analysis

Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Fresh plant parts of Tribulus terrestris were collected from the campus of Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, gram-negative bacterial strain, Enterobacter cloacaeBVDWH38 (Gene bank Acc. No. OQ772170) was used for antimicrobial study.

Methodology: Plant extracts preparation; free radical scavenging of sample extract antimicrobial activity was done by standard methods. All experiments were repeated at least thrice. The data represented are Mean ± standard deviations (SD) of all the three replicates.

Results: Alcoholic and aqueous leaves and fruits extracts of T. terrestris were prepared. Total phenolic compound (TPC) and antioxidant activity was determined and found to be higher in aqueous extract of both plant parts of T. terrestris.Antimicrobial activity against water borne pathogenic E. cloacaestrains was evaluated and found that aqueous extract of both leaves and fruits of T. terrestriswas more effective. Gas chromatography- Mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS) with alcoholic extract of leaves and fruits of T. terrestris identified Digitoxin (6.37%) and Ethyl iso-allocholate (22.90%) respectively among other compounds.

Conclusion: The leaves and fruits of T. terrestris can be used as alternative medicine as it has vital bioactive secondary metabolites.

Keywords: Anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, GC-MS, Tribulus terrestris, medicinal plant

---

---

---

References

Patil PN, Sawant DV, Deshmukh RN. Physico-chemical parameters for testing of water–A review. Int J Environ Sci. 2012;3(3):1194-1207.

Marale M,Gavali RS, Rao KR. Evaluation of water quality with waterborne diseases for assessing pilgrimage impact along river Indrayani, Pune (India). Int J Environ Prot. 2012;2:1-14

Cabral JP. Water microbiology,bacterial pathogens and water. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2010;7(10):3657-3703.

Siddique MH, Andleeb R, Ashraf A, Zubair M, Fakhar-e-Alam M, Hayat S, Afzal M. Integration of in silico and in vitro approaches to evaluate antioxidant and anticancer properties of Tribulus terrestris extracts. Arabian J Chem. 2022;15(8):103984.

Sridhar K, Rajesh B, Sangeetha K. Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of ethanolic extract of Tribulus terrestris. Int J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016;6(1):44-50.

Abirami P, Rajendran A. GC-MS analysis of Tribulus terrestris L. Asian J Plant Sci. Res.2011;1(4):13-16.

Widyaningrum I, Wibisono N, Kusumawati AH. Effect of extraction method on antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus of Tapakliman (Elephantopuss caber Linn.) leaves. Int J Health Med Sci. 2020;3(1):105-110.

Harborne JB. Phytochemical Methods, Chapman & Hall, London, UK; 1998.

Chakraborty D, Mandal, SM, Chakraborty J. Antimicrobial activities of leaf extract of Basilicum polystachyon (L) Moench. Indian J Exp Biol. 2007;45(8):744-748.

Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol.1999;299:152-178.

Alam MN, Bristi NJ, Rafiquzzaman M. Review on in vivo and in vitro methods evaluation of antioxidant activity. Saudi Pharm J. 2013;21(2):143-152.

Ruch RJ, Cheng SJ, Klaunig JE. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intercellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcino.1989;10(6):1003-1008.

Bais HP,Walker TS, Schweizer HP, Vivanco JM. Root specific elicitation and antimicrobial activity of rosmarinic acid in hairy root cultures of Ocimum basilicum. Plant Physiol Biochem.2002;40(11):983-995.

Kambli P, Ajbani K, Sadani M, Nikam C, Shetty A, Udwadia Z, Rodrigues C. Correlating minimum inhibitory concentrations of ofloxacin and moxifloxacin with gyrA mutations using the genotype MTBDRsl assay. Tuberculosis, 2015;95(2):137-141.

l-Gara NI, Abu-Serag NA, Shaheed KAA, Al Bahadly ZK. Analysis of bioactive phytochemical compound of (Cyperus alternifolius L.)By using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In IOP conference series: Mater. Sci. Eng. 2019;571(1):012047.

Melo P, Machado R, Teixeira HM. Analysis of digoxin and metildigoxin in whole blood using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Int J Anal Chem. 2012: 975824.

Abdulkader OM, Sharaf AEA, Fouda HM, Elhaw MH. Phyto-biochemical constituents and GC-MS analysis of Bidens pilosa leaves and stems. Egypt. Acad J BiolSci H Bot.2022;13(2):1-9.

Karthikeyan K, Dhanapal CK. GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract of Alysicarpus monilifer-whole plant. Der Pharm Lett. 2016;8(13):106-114.

Negm W, Ibrahim AR, Aboelsauod K, Ragab A, Attia GI. GC-MS analysis of petroleum ether extract and volatiles of Cycas revolute Thunb. growing in Egypt. Inventi Rapid: Planta Activa. 2016(1):1-5.

Joshi UP, Wagh RD. GC-MS analysis of phytochemical compounds present in the bark extracts of Ehretia laevis Roxb. Int J Res Dev PharmLife Sci.2018;7(6):3150-3154.

Brintha S, Rajesh S, Renuka R, Santhanakrishnan VP, Gnanam R. Phytochemical analysis and bioactivity prediction of compounds in methanolic extracts of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2017;6(4):192-197.

Altameme HJ, Hameed IH, Kareem MA.Analysis of alkaloid phytochemical compounds in the ethanolic extract of Datura stramonium and evaluation of antimicrobial activity. Afr J Biotechnol. 2015;14(19):1668-1674.

Kadhim MJ, Al-Rubaye AF, Hameed IH. Determination of bioactive compounds of methanolic extract of Vitis vinifera using GC-MS. Int J Toxicol Pharmacol Res. 2017;9(2):113-126.

Gazwi HS, Shoeib NA, Mahmoud ME, Soltan OI, Hamed MM, Ragab AE. Phytochemical Profile of the ethanol extract of Malvaviscus arboreus red flower and investigation of the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. Antibiot. 2022;11(11):1652.

Ali B, Rawal YK, Ahmad F, Ali A. Phytochemistry, GC-MS, and FTIR analysis of ethanolic extract of alfalfa (Medicagosativa) leaves from cold desert Ladakh, India. Int J Bot Stud.2016;6(6):241-246.

Rakib A, Paul A, Chy MNU, Sami SA, Baral SK, Majumder M, Simal-Gandara J. Biochemical and computational approach of selected phytocompounds from Tinospora crispa in the management of COVID-19. Mol.2020;25(17): 3936.

Srivastava R, Mukerjee A, Verma A. GC-MS analysis of phytocomponents in pet ether fraction of Wrightia tinctoria seed. Pharmacogn J.2015;7(4):249-253.