Plants and Traditional Contraceptive Practices: An Ethnobotanical Study among the Anyi Ndenye in Eastern Côte d'Ivoire

Bedoua Adjoua Elisabeth Affainie *

Laboratory of Botany and Valorization of Plant Diversity, Nangui Abrogoua University, Côte d'Ivoire.

Djah François Malan

Laboratory of Botany and Valorization of Plant Diversity, Nangui Abrogoua University, Côte d'Ivoire.

Ménéké Distel Kougbo

National Center of Agronomic Research, Côte d'Ivoire.

Ettien Aimée Jocelyne Krou

Laboratory of Botany and Valorization of Plant Diversity, Nangui Abrogoua University, Côte d'Ivoire.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

In recent years, plants and traditional practices in reproductive health have become an increasingly subject to ethnobotanical research. However, certain aspects of this health domain, such as family planning, remain understudied.

Aims: This study aims to understand the practices and plants used by the Anyi Ndenye for family planning. Specifically, the study seeks to analyze the perception of the Anyi Ndenye regarding to the use of contraceptive plants, assess the diversity of contraceptive plants, and explore associated knowledge.

Study Design: Documenting all contraceptive practices in Ndenye cultural area. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in three districts of the Ndenye Kingdom from 2016 to 2021.

Methodology: An ethnobotanical survey, based on free lists and semi-structured interviews, was used for ethnobotanical data collection from 253 individuals.

Population's perception, was determined by Index of Consent and knowledge that we proposed. Knowledge Sharing Level Assessment was determined by Correspondence Analysis, was carried out by first grouping the surveyed individuals into five age groups based on physiological maturity (18-24 years, 25-35 years, 36-45 years, 45-50 years, and ≥51 years). knowledge level was highlighted by Frequency of Citation and Smith Index.

Results: 24.5% of individuals were willing to provide information regarding contraceptive plants. The study identified 33 plants belonging to 31 genera and 20 families, with Euphorbiaceae and Solanaceae being the most requested. The most contraceptive plant mentioned was Parquetina nigrescens. Leaves and barks were the most commonly used parts for preparing various recipes. These recipes were primarily administered rectally after sexual intercourse. Some similarities have been observed among age groups regarding the sharing of information about plants used. However, there were some specificities for each age group.

Conclusion: Documenting all contraceptive practices in Anyi Ndenye cultural area led us to undertake ethnobotanical studies. According to the literature, contraceptive plants remain a relatively unexplored area in reproductive health and could be an interesting research subject. This work serves as a starting point for research on contraceptive plants in Côte d'Ivoire.

Keywords: Reproductive health, contraceptive plants, Anyi Ndenye, Côte d'Ivoire


How to Cite

Affainie, Bedoua Adjoua Elisabeth, Djah François Malan, Ménéké Distel Kougbo, and Ettien Aimée Jocelyne Krou. 2024. “Plants and Traditional Contraceptive Practices: An Ethnobotanical Study Among the Anyi Ndenye in Eastern Côte d’Ivoire”. Asian Journal of Research in Botany 7 (1):57-67. https://journalajrib.com/index.php/AJRIB/article/view/208.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

WHO (World Health Organization). WHO establishes the World Center for Traditional Medicine in India; Accessed on November 20, 2023 Available:https://www.who.int › ... › Press releases › item, 2022

UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund); Accessed on July, 07, 2023 Available:https://www.coped.org.IMG » reproductive health

Guillaume A, Du Lou AD. Limitation of births among women in Abidjan, Ivory Coast: contraception, abortion or both? International Perspectives on Family Planning. English. 2002;4–11.

Sewani-Rusike CR. Plants of zimbabwe used as anti-fertility agents. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 2010;7(3):253–257.

Singh R, Kakar S, Shah M, Jain R. Some medicinal plants with anti-fertility potential: A current status. Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences. 2018; 7(1):7-19.

Goswami P, Laskar MA, Basak M. A review on medicinal plants of North Eastern region with potential antifertility activity. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 2020;8(3):162-165.

Zhang Ruo-P, Luo Jia-H, Lu Hui-X, Zhang Li-R, Dong Zhao-M, Xu An-L, Duan Bao-Z, Zhao Wen-Z. Ethnobotanical survey of antifertility medicinal plants in Dali District, Yunnan Province, China. African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2022;26(5):107.

Malan DF, Neuba DFR. Traditional practices and medicinal plants use during pregnancy by Anyi-Ndenye women (Eastern Cote d’Ivoire). African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2011; 15(1):85-93.

RGPH (General Population and Housing Census). Global results, INS; 2021.

Available:https://www.plan.gouv.ci/assets/fichier/RGPH2021- RESULTATS-GLOBAUX-VF.pdf French

Koné M, Kouadio K, Kouadio YL, Neuba DFR, Malan DF. Degradation of dense tropical rainforest, case of the Indénié-Djuablin region in eastern Ivory Coast. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 2014;21(3):3324-3338.

Guillaumet JL, Adjanohoun E. The natural environment in Côte d’Ivoire: The vegetation of Côte d’Ivoire. ORSTOM Memoirs, Paris. 1971;(50):61-261.

Albuquerque UP, Medeiros PM, Almeida AL, Monteiro JM, LinsNeto EMF, Melo JG, Santos JP. Medicinal plants of the caatinga (semi-arid) vegetation of NE Brazil: A quantitative approach. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2007;114:325–354.

Marshall B, Cardon P, Poddar A, Fontenot R. Does sample size matter in qualitative research? A review of qualitative interviews. IS research. Journal of computer information systems. 2013; 54:11-22.

Malan DF, Neuba DFR. Wild edible plants in the Ehotilé, a fishing people around Aby lagoon (eastern littoral of Côte d’Ivoire): Knowledge and availability. Journal of Applied and Natural Science. 2021;13:59-70.

Sutrop U. List task and a cognitive salience index. Field Methods. 2001;13(3):263-276.

Pennec F, Wencélius J, Garine E, Raimond C, Bohbot H. FLAME 1.1 Free-List Analysis under Microsoft Excel; 2012.

SØrensen T. A method of establishing groups of equal amplitudes in plant sociology based on similarity of species content and Its application to analyzes of the vegetation on danish commons. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Biologiske Skrifter. 1948;5:1-34.

R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL; 2019 Available:https://www.R-project.org/

Bodet A. History of contraception: From pregnancy to desired pregnancy. Doctoral thesis, Angers University. 2014;164 pp. English

Christin-Maitre S. Contraception throughout the world. Medicine/science. 2022;38(5):457-463 Available:https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2022058 English

Faye A, Hamady MMO, Leye MMM, Seck I, Tal-Dia A, Tine JA, Wone I. Factors associated with the use of modern contraception in the commune of Aioun in Mauritania. Health Sciences. 2015;3(1):77-80. English

Abdel-Mahamoud A, Attho-Touré H, Di-Guisto C, Mahamat Nadjib A, Brunet-Houdard S, Marret H, Rusch E, Grammatico-Guillon L. Use of modern contraception by women, multicenter mixed study in Chad. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health. 2017;65(2):S62 Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2017.03.045 English

Mukendi DM, Mukalenge FC, Ali MM, Mondo TMN, Utshudienyema GW. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of adolescents and teachers regarding contraception: Results of a qualitative study carried out in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2021;38(121) DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.121.2167 PMID: 3391229 PMCID: PMC8051221. English

Coulibaly M, Doukouré D, Kouamé J, Ayékoé IA, Mélèdje-Koumi MD, Malik S, Sackou-Kouakou J, Aké O, Tiembré I, Kouadio L. Obstacles socioculturels liés à l’utilisation de la contraception moderne en Côte d’Ivoire. Santé Publique. 2020;4(32):389-397.

Saravanan K, Priya G, Renuka C. Medicinal plants with potential antifertility activity- A review of sixteen years of herbal medicine research (1994-2010). International Journal of PharmTech Research. 2012;4(1):480-494.

Atsukwei D, Ejike Daniel E, Dele Adams M, Adamu Tende J, Olugbemi Tope O, Danmallam L. Contraceptive effect of ethanolic extract of Dioscorea villosa tuber on reproductive hormones of female wistar rats. International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review. 2014.5(2):135–144 Available:https://doi.org/10.9734/IJBCRR/2015/13433

PMA Data-Côte d’Ivoire; 2020. Accessed on November, 17, 2023 Available:https://fr.pmadata.org/sites/default/files/data_product_results/PMA2020Cote%20d%E2%80%99Ivoire-R2-FP-Brief-FR.pdf

Diallo I, Guindo A. Traditional and modern contraceptive practices among rural women in Mali: The example of the commune of Sanando. Space, Territories magazine. Societies and Health. 2020;3 (6):133-151.

Désalliers J. Hormonal contraceptives in rural Burkina Faso: Negotiated marital relations or clandestine female use? Somewhere else. 2009;4(52):31–47. English

Mukendi DM, Mukalenge FC, Ali MM, Mondo TMN, Utshudienyema GW. Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des adolescents et des enseignants en matière de contraception: Résultats d’une étude qualitative réalisée en republique democratique du Congo. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2021;38(121).

DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.121.2167 PMID: 3391229 PMCID: PMC8051221.

Ainyakou TG, Coulibaly Z, Coulibaly KS. Social practices of women's RELUCTANCE to modern contraceptive methods in Korhogo. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature and Education. 2021;4(2):52-62. French

Dali GLA, Pappoe ANM, Akotoye HK. Plants used as abortifacients and contraceptives in some communities on the fringes of subri iver forest reserve in Ghana. African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2019;23(4):92

N’guessan K, Zirihi NG, Boraud NKM. Ethnopharmacological study of plants used to facilitate childbirth, in Abbey and Krobou country, in the south of Ivory Coast. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2010;4(4):1004-1016. French

Bouquet A, Debray M. Medicinal plants of ivory coast. Louis Jean Printing House: Paris (France). 1974;13-88.

Oliver-Bever B. Medicinal plants in tropical West Africa II: Plants acting on the new system. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1983;7:l-93.

Laxane S, Swarnkar SK, Kenanora M. Jatropha curcas: A systemic review on pharmacological, phytochemical, toxicological profiles and commercial applications. Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2013; 4(1):989–1010.

Singh SP, Singh SP. Antifertility effects of Solanum xanthocarpum seeds on female albino rats. Journal of Applied and Natural Science. 2013;5(1):153-156