Monographic study on Ficus exasperata Vahl: Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicity
Diatta K *
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy of Botany, Cheikh Anta Diop University (CADU), Senegal.
Diatta W
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy of Botany, Cheikh Anta Diop University (CADU), Senegal.
Mbaye AI
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy of Botany, Cheikh Anta Diop University (CADU), Senegal.
Sarr A
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy of Botany, Cheikh Anta Diop University (CADU), Senegal.
Dieng SIM
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy of Botany, Cheikh Anta Diop University (CADU), Senegal.
Maiga H
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy of Botany, Cheikh Anta Diop University (CADU), Senegal.
Fall AD
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy of Botany, Cheikh Anta Diop University (CADU), Senegal.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Ficus exasperata (Vahl) is widely used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments such as diabetes, inflammation, ulcers, hypertension, and infections.The plant parts are also used as animal fodder.
Aim: The aim of the review was carried out using data from Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, Science Direct, Sciencedomain and Scifinder to examine published scientific reports, ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological books on its phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties.
Results: This review consolidates data on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties. Key bioactive compounds include tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and glycosides, which contribute to its anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, and antimicrobial activities. Toxicological studies highlight potential hepatic and renal risks at high doses, emphasizing the need for dose optimization
Conclusion: The findings of this study are useful for developing a monograph on the plant. The data collected can also support the formulation of TAMs (Traditional Improved Medicines) for proposing safe and effective treatments.
Keywords: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, Ficus exasperata (Vahl)