Asian Journal of Research in Botany

Proximate Nutrient Potential, Phytochemical Screening and Vitamin B-Composition of Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivated by Substrate Organic Supplementation Techniques

Okoroh Prince

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Rhema University Nigeria, Aba, Nigeria.

Amadi Benjamin

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Nwadike Constance

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.

Ezekwe Ahamefula

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Rivers State University, Nkpolu Oroworokwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Onuoha Nchekwube

Federal College of Education Technical Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria.

Onyeabo Chimaraoke

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.

Eboagwu Ijeoma *

Department of Food Technology, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, Nigeria.

Kalu Winner

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Rhema University Nigeria, Aba, Nigeria.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

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Abstract

The proximate nutrient potential, phytochemical screening and vitamin B-composition of Pleurotus ostreatus (P.O) cultivated by three substrate organic supplementation techniques (avocado seed supplementation (AVOS), whole wheat supplementation (WWS) and soya bean + avocado + wheat + corn supplementation (SAWCS) were determined using standard methods. Proximate nutrient potential revealed that (SAWCS) had the highest crude protein potential (35.75 ± 0.03) and AVOS the least (31.62±0.02). SAWCS had the highest crude fibre potential (29.0±0.06) followed by WWS (26.91± 0.04) and AVOS the least (21.91±0.02). Qualitative phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of P. ostreatus samples highlighted the presence of alkaloids, triterpinoids and steroids. B₁-vitamins observed and their respective percentage daily values were 0.90 mg/100 g and 7.5% for AVOS, 1.23 mg/100 g and 10.3% for SAWCS; and 2.07 mg/100 g and 17.2% for WWS. Also, B₂-vitamins observed and their respective percentage daily values were 1.60/100 g and 12.3% for AVOS, 0.20 mg/100 g and 1.5% for SAWCS and 1.11 mg/100 g and 8.5% for WWS. These results showed that P. ostreatus cultivated by substrate organic supplementation techniques was rich in crude protein, crude fibre, vitamin B₁ and bioactive substances and suggest the employment of the technique in the improvement of mushrooms (during cultivation) for food, feed and medicinal formulations.

Keywords: Proximate nutrient potential, phytochemical, vitamin B-complex, Pleurotus ostreatus

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